It is important to remember Mac OS X runs atop UNIX. So all of these technologies install easily on Mac OS X. Furthermore, Apache and PHP are included by default. In the end, you only install MySQL then simply turn everything on.
First, open Terminal and switch to root
to avoid permission issues while running these commands.
sudo su -
Enable Apache on Mac OS X
apachectl start
Note: Prior to Mountain Lion this was an option for Web Sharing in System Prefrences → Sharing.
Verify It works! by accessing http://localhost
Enable PHP for Apache
OS X Mavericks Update: You will need to rerun the steps in this section after upgrading an existing install to Mac OS X Mavericks.
First, make a backup of the default Apache configuration. This is good practice and serves as a comparison against future versions of Mac OS X.
cd /etc/apache2/
cp httpd.conf httpd.conf.bak
Now edit the Apache configuration. Feel free to use TextEdit if you are not familiar with vi.
vi httpd.conf
Uncomment the following line (remove #
):
LoadModule php5_module libexec/apache2/libphp5.so
Restart Apache:
apachectl restart
Install MySQL
- Download the MySQL DMG for Mac OS X
- Install MySQL
- Install Preference Pane
- Open System Preferences → MySQL
- Ensure the MySQL Server is running
- Optionally, you can enable MySQL to start automatically. I do.
The README also suggests creating aliases for mysql
and mysqladmin
. However there are other commands that are helpful such as mysqldump
. Instead, I updated my path to include /usr/local/mysql/bin
.
export PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH
Note: You will need to open a new Terminal window or run the command above for your path to update.
I also run mysql_secure_installation
. While this isn’t necessary, it’s good practice.
Connect PHP and MySQL
You need to ensure PHP and MySQL can communicate with one another. There are several options to do so. I do the following:
cd /var
mkdir mysql
cd mysql
ln -s /tmp/mysql.sock mysql.sock
Creating VirtualHosts
You could stop here. PHP, MySQL, and Apache are all running. However, all of your sites would have URLs like http://localhost/somesite/ pointing to /Library/WebServer/Documents/somesite. Not ideal for a local development environment.
OS X Mavericks Update: You will need to rerun the steps below to uncomment the *vhost Include
after upgrading an existing install to Mac OS X Mavericks.*
To run sites individually you need to enable VirtualHosts. To do so, we’ll edit the Apache Configuration again.
vi /etc/apache2/httpd.conf
Uncomment the following line:
Include /private/etc/apache2/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf
Now Apache will load httpd-vhosts.conf. Let’s edit this file.
vi /etc/apache2/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf
Here is an example of VirtualHosts I’ve created.
<VirtualHost *:80>
DocumentRoot "/Library/WebServer/Documents"
</VirtualHost>
<VirtualHost *:80>
DocumentRoot "/Users/Jason/Documents/workspace/dev"
ServerName jason.local
ErrorLog "/private/var/log/apache2/jason.local-error_log"
CustomLog "/private/var/log/apache2/jason.local-access_log" common
<Directory "/Users/Jason/Documents/workspace/dev">
AllowOverride All
Order allow,deny
Allow from all
</Directory>
</VirtualHost>
The first VirtualHost
points to /Library/WebServer/Documents
. The first VirtualHost
is important as it behaves like the default Apache configuration and used when no others match.
The second VirtualHost
points to my dev workspace and I can access it directly from http://jason.local. For ease of development, I also configured some custom logs.
Note: I use the extension local. This avoids conflicts with any real extensions and serves as a reminder I’m in my local environment.
Restart Apache:
apachectl restart
In order to access http://jason.local, you need to edit your hosts file.
vi /etc/hosts
Add the following line to the bottom:
127.0.0.1 jason.local
I run the following to clear the local DNS cache:
dscacheutil -flushcache
Now you can access http://jason.local.
Note: You will need to create a new VirtualHost
and edit your hosts file each time you make a new local site.
A note about permissions
You may receive 403 Forbidden when you visit your local site. This is likely a permissions issue. Simply put, the Apache user (_www
) needs to have access to read, and sometimes write, your web directory.
If you are not familiar with permissions, read more. For now though, the easiest thing to do is ensure your web directory has permissions of 755
. You can change permissions with the command:
chmod 755 some_directory/
In my case, all my files were under my local ~/Documents
directory. Which by default is only readable by me. So I had to change permissions for my web directory all the way up to ~/Documents
to resolve the 403 Forbidden issue.
Note: There are many ways to solve permission issues. I have provided this as the easiest solution, not the best.
Install PHPMyAdmin
Unless you want to administer MySQL from the command line, I recommend installing PHPMyAdmin. I won’t go into the details. Read the installation guide for more information. I install utility applications in the default directory. That way I can access them under, in this case, http://localhost/phpmyadmin.
cd /Library/WebServer/Documents/
tar -xvf ~/Downloads/phpMyAdmin-3.5.2.2-english.tar.gz
mv phpMyAdmin-3.5.2.2-english/ phpmyadmin
cd phpmyadmin
mv config.sample.inc.php config.inc.php
Closing
A local development environment is a mandatory part of the Software Development Process. Given the ease at which you can install Apache, PHP, and MySQL on Mac OS X there really is no excuse.
Hello! Do you use Twitter? I’d like to follow you if that would be okay.
I’m undoubtedly enjoying your blog and look forward to new updates.
I need to to thank you for this fantastic read!!
I certainly enjoyed every bit of it. I have got you bookmarked to check
out new stuff you post…
I’ve been exploring for a little bit for any high-quality articles
or weblog posts in this kind of area . Exploring in Yahoo I eventually stumbled upon this
web site. Reading this info So i am happy to convey that I’ve an incredibly excellent uncanny feeling I found out
just what I needed. I such a lot no doubt will make
certain to don?t forget this web site and provides it a look on a relentless basis.
Oh my goodness! Incredible article dude! Many thanks, However I am
going through troubles with your RSS. I don’t understand why I am unable to join it.
Is there anybody getting similar RSS problems?
Anyone that knows the solution can you kindly respond?
Thanx!!
Hey! I know this is kind of off topic but I was wondering which blog platform are you using for this site?
I’m getting fed up of WordPress because I’ve had issues with hackers and I’m looking
at options for another platform. I would be great if you could point me in the direction of a good platform.
Wow, fantastic blog layout! How long have you been blogging for?
you made blogging look easy. The overall look of your web site is great, let alone the content!